The Bennets: Experts in the Field of Inter-Family Conflict Avoidance :: essays research papers

The BennetsExperts in the Field of Inter-Family Conflict AvoidanceFather looks across the dinner table and kindly asks his darling wife to retort the dinner rolls while Suzie is lovingly telling about her second grade teachers neat handwriting. The linen tablecloth is firmly pressed and the home-cooked meal is appreciatively devoured. The yellow-checkered dinner plates are freshly washed, and the smell of lilacs from the garden drifts through the sunlit dining room. Billy smiles at his mother as he asks her if he could divert have some more of her deliciously home grown asparagus. Mother nods to Billy and passes him the serving dish. When the family has had their fill, Suzie volunteers to do the dishes and Billy habitually clears the table and brings each of his parents a glass of dessert wine. Mother and Father then proceed to enjoy their wine as they talk of Beethoven and Monet. This is a family without conflicts. E precisebody dreams of one, nobody has one. It is impossible, a nd makes for a very unrealistic, and also a very boring, story. An imperfect family can be used in literature in order to make fiction believable and practically more relative to the reader. By showing a characters flaws, the author can add texture and depth to a story. Jane Austen definitely uses this view in her famous novel Pride and Prejudice. Not one of her characters is perfect. These flaws add drama to the plot in the same way that dressing adds flavor to a salad. The scant(p)nesses of one character often foil the strengths of another Lydias goofy foolishness has the affect of bringing out the sense and patience of Jane and Elizabeth. Mr. Wickhams absurd personality and immoral behavior toward the Bennets proves Mr. Darcys truthfulness and emphasizes his kind and thoughtful personality. Although faults often bring out the best in literature, a psychologist would suggest that the Bennets film some severe family counseling. Mr. and Mrs. Bennet should never have been married they contradict the idea that opposites attract. Mr. Bennet had married because he was captivated by youth and beauty, and the visual aspect of good humour which youth and beauty generally give (201) He married for the wrong reasons and suffers the consequences of his choice. Mrs. Bennet is described as an ignorant woman with weak understanding and an illiberal mind. Mr. Bennet is unhappy with the relationship as soon as the physical attraction wears off.

Presidents And Affirmative Action :: essays research papers

Presidents and Affirmative ActionIn 1965, President Lyndon B. Johnson issued Executive Order 11246 at HowardUniversity that required federal contractors to undertake affirmative bodily function toincrease the number of minorities that they employ. He wanted to ensure thatminorities were recruited to have real opportunities to be hired and theneventually get a promotion.In 1969, the incision of Labor exposed widespread racial discrimination of theConstruction Department so President Richard M. Nixon decided to encorporate asystem of "goals and timetables" to evaluate federal facial expression companiesaccording to affirmative follow through. This idea of "goals and timetables" providedguidelines for companies to follow and comply with affirmative actionregulations.During the presidency of Gerald R. Ford, he extended affirmative action topeople with disabilities (3) and Vietnam veterns (4) but thither were no goals ortimetables for these two groups. This type of af firmative action requiredrecruitment efforts, accessability, accommodation and reviews of physical andmental job qualifications.President Jimmy Carter consolidate all federal agencies that were required bylaw to follow the affirmative action play into the Department of Labor. BeforeCarter did this, each agency handled affirmative action in its own individualway, some were not as consistant as other agencies were. He created the Officeof Federal Contract Compliance Program (OFCCP) in 1978 to ensure compliance withthe affirmative action policies.Affirmative action began to go downhill when Ronald Reagan and later George Bushcame into office. Affirmative action lost some gains it had make and was mor orless ignored by the Republicans in the White House and in Congress. Affirmativeaction was silently being "killed" by our federal administrators. solely among thisdestruction there was one positive aspect, the passage of Americans withDisabilities Act of 1990 (5).Finally to the P residency of Bill Clinton. The Republicans are attempting toscare people into changing their party lines by misusing affirmative action.They are saying that affirmative action is nothing more than a quota (6) orreverse discrimination (7).

Comparing Good vs. Evil in Sherlock Holmes and Dracula Essay -- compar

Good vs. Evil in Sherlock Holmes vs. Dracula   It is exclusively too often that literary critics read literature and then sift it into good and bad pieces, critiquing its value or mediocrity.  However, it needs to be pointed out that this onerous task of analyzing literature for literary devices need not be the basis for placing value and worth on literature.  Additionally, it is a great misunderstanding in societys education system that students need to learn what keeps a good obligate solely by its use of literary devices.  Its about time students read books for recreation and be able to express in their own words why the books are great or not so great.  Most importantly, the lessons each book teaches students essential be learned individually.  People cannot be told what the book is trying to communicate, they must learn it for themselves.  This is what makes books noteworthy, and this is why Sherlock Holmes vs. Dracula by Loren D. Estleman is a n extraordinary book.  It is a book people can enjoy for entertainment motives rather than for its devices of sound, syntax, and omniscient point of view.  Through the story of good versus evil, Estleman entertains the readers of The Adventure of the Sanguinary Count (the other title) to make a great novel.       In SHVD*, there are two protagonists  Sherlock Holmes, the famous detective residing at 221B Baker StreetÝ and Dracula, the notorious count of Transylvania.  To disgorge aside all presumptions, ostensible facts, and popular stereotypes, it is necessary to examine who represents good and who represents evil.  That is quite obvious.  Aha  For those who agreed to that last sentence, sham... ...Jacqueline Roehl, Sometimes a book is just a book.     Notes   *SHVD is referring to the title of the book in order to save paper space. ÝKudos to those who knew that.  Woe and shame to those who didnt, obviousl y you arent an English Literature expert are you?, or you would have known that.   If you do not consider someone who sells his soul to the devil as evil, you really scare me, so do everyone a respect and read something good like the Bible. I submit that good and evil cannot co-exist if the interest of one hinders upon the interest of the other.   *If your friends say this, its time to get new friends or check your hearing.  Do you say this?   This is merely an example.  If it makes you feel better, fill in your own example.  Nevertheless, you get the point.  

Antigone Was Right Essay -- essays research papers

The story of Antigone deals with Antigones brother whos body has been left unburied because of crimes against the state. The sight of her brother being unburied drives Antigone to issuing action against the state and bury her brother regardless of the consequences. The concept of the Greek afterlife was far more(prenominal) important and sacred than living life itself. Everything they did while they were alive was to please the many gods they worshipped. They built temples for their Gods, made statues to symbolize their Gods, and had a different God to exempt things that we now say are an act of mother nature. Antigone percieved her actions to be courageous and valid, and Kreone, the King, percieved them as blasphemous. The entire story focuses on deciding whos right. The question arises, "Did Antigone take proper action?" Was it right to go against her Uncle Kreons wishes and go ahead and bury her brother that was to be left turn up for the vultures? Would it have been better proficient to leave the situation how it was? The fact is, Antigone did the right thing. She was acting out of divine influence so to speak. Since divinity and humanity are shown to be colliding forces where divinity out weighs humanity in ancient Greece. Antigone was justified in her actions. Antigone was following divine laws, or walking with divine shoes, while Kreone followed the laws of the state. Her brothers afterlife was so important to Antigone that she was willing to give up anything to ensure her b...

Salaries of Athletes are too High Essays -- Professional Athlete Athle

Salaries of AthletesWhat should athletes deserve to be paid?Many players accept risen to stardom by becoming a maestro athlete. Athletes have come from many different backgrounds some from wealthy and some from poverty raised backgrounds. Salaries argon continuing to rise, and notes doesnt seem to be an tax return. Athletes are getting what they want from the owners by negotiating through their agents. Athletes salaries arent from their owners, but they come from other sources (Athletes Salary). Athletes get paid an extremely high salary for the work they do, and should consider the value of their work. They do not deserve the extreme amount they get paid and something should by done to the highest degree it. One issue that these high salaries cause is that having each(prenominal) this money spoils the athletes. Athletes buy so much unnecessary stuff after they get their money. For example, Michael Jordan has about 28 cars. Who needs all these cars? He didnt buy all of these, but in that respect is a certain limit on how many cars a person needs. Athletes spend their money on cars, entertainment, clothes, and their big mansions. Another instance of athletes spoiling themselves is the use of illegal drugs (Pro Salaries). Michael Irvin of the Dallas Cowboys has been refer in many of these altercations. He has been through all the punishments there possibly is and still makes his money (Pro Salaries). Athletes think they are at a higher level and that they can do whatever they want. An issue that everyone hears about everyday that a pro athlete has committed a murder/crime. Ray Lewis, a safety for the Baltimore Ravens, is being tried for two accounts of murder. He is an exquisite athlete. He is on the pro-bowl team for the 1999 season and led the league in tackles. He has just ruined his career by even being involved in a situation like this. Another player is Robert Lewis, a 20 year-old basketball player from the Dallas Mavericks. He was convict ed of beating his girlfriend almost to death. A 20-year-old basketball star doesnt need to feel that he is a king to be a leader. What kind of role model is he compass to other youngsters that want to follow in the same footsteps?The salaries of athletes are extremely high for the effort that they put through. For example, basketball, baseball, and hockey athletes only compete for about 6-8 months a year. Then they have... ...r salaries are too high to compare. They do entertain the public, but the expense for the entertainment is too steep. Athletes should make a decent salary, but they should have control over their limits. They deserve a salary that would compare to other officials who are more important to the people and that have a role which effect the people as a whole. Something must be done before a drastic change occurs.BibliographyAthletes Salary. CQ Researcher. 2000.Bagnato, Andrew. Against the (cash) flow as revenue streams into college coffers, Some athletes are clamoring for their cut of the profits. Chicago Tribune 23 Feb. 1997 1.Bryjak, George J. The Name of the Game is Money. USA TODAY Sept. 1998 67-69.Danziger, Lucy S. Sweet Inequity. Womens Sports and Fitness July 1999 17.Kindred, David. In the name of sanity. The Sporting watchword 20 Apr. 1998 63.Pro Salaries. n. pag. On-line. Internet.http//www.nonline.com/procon/html/prosalary.htm. 12 Jan. 2000.Spiegel, Peter. Athletes. Forbes 22 Mar. 1999 220.Wigge, Larry. Millennium mind-set Open up game and close wallets. Sporting News 10 Jan. 2000 58-59.

Essays --

Think of come to the fore you could call home. This was impossible before the Neolithic Revolution. During the Paleolithic Era, which lasts from the beginning of human bread and butter until about 10,000 BCE, the great unwashed were nomads. They lived as a group and spent most(prenominal) of their time on hunting and gathering food. However, approximately 10,000 BCE, people began to cultivate crops and domesticate animals. This period is known as the Neolithic Revolution. The Neolithic Revolution would not have happened with the development of farming, which was followed by job specialization and the development of more sophisticated technology.First of all, human life totally changed by land cultivation. almost 10,000 BCE humans began to grow crops and tame animals. This was a massive change from the old system of hunting and gathering. As a result, permanent settlements were established. This new method of ontogeny food was so efficient that it produced a surplus of food. One of the most famous farming methods was slash and burn. baseball swing and burn technique is basically people burning a forest and used ash from a tree as a fer... Essays -- Think of place you could call home. This was impossible before the Neolithic Revolution. During the Paleolithic Era, which lasts from the beginning of human life until about 10,000 BCE, people were nomads. They lived as a group and spent most of their time on hunting and gathering food. However, approximately 10,000 BCE, people began to cultivate crops and domesticate animals. This period is known as the Neolithic Revolution. The Neolithic Revolution would not have happened with the development of farming, which was followed by job specialization and the development of more sophisticated technology.First of all, human life totally changed by land cultivation. About 10,000 BCE humans began to grow crops and tame animals. This was a massive change from the old system of hunting and gathering. As a result, permanent settlements were established. This new method of growing food was so efficient that it produced a surplus of food. One of the most famous farming methods was slash and burn. Slash and burn technique is basically people burning a forest and used ash from a tree as a fer...

Mexican Daily Life Essay

There argon a variety of common courtesies that Americans should observe when in Mexico. Some of the big issues of cultural etiquette are described herein. When in Mexico Americans should refrain from calling themselves Americans. Mexicans consider themselves Americans too since the whole continent is called America. A nonher part of Mexican culture that whitethorn be shocking to Americans traveling there is the way machismo is verbalized by male members of Mexican society. Making sexual or derogative remarks at women is a typical part of the culture and should not be seen as harassment.Wearing a wedding band and mentioning children usually testament unwrap these types of comments. Attempting to speak Spanish even if your Spanish is not good is appreciated. When speaking in English slang and idioms should be avoided. Using broken English does not aid communication and can be seen as offensive. Mevery Mexicans speak English but many more read English. If possible, a written re -create of what you are saying should be provided. Mexicans do not often say no beca riding habit it is conside ruby impolite. Consequently, it is important that you recognize this and look for other clues as to what the real result is.If a Mexican says maybe it is a good indicator that the answer is definitely no. Asking for a yes or no response to a specific question repeatedly is tolerated but you must be patient because it testament take a while to begin with the real answer comes out. raft stand much closer to each other in Mexico. It is considered unfriendly to back up when a Mexican approaches you in conversation. You must be a abide(predicate) of the tone of voice you use when in Mexico. Using a quick pace or a sharp or forceful tone will bring up you come across unfavorably. Eye contact is not as direct or long as in the United States.Mexicans are experimental condition conscientious so what you break out or what you drive makes a clear statement about who you are i n society. When attending a sociable takings you should arrive 30 minutes late. Arriving earlier is considered rude. At small parties your host will introduce you. At large parties you may introduce yourself. When dining you should not sit until you are told where to sit and you should not eat until the hostess starts. It is polite to keep both of your hands visible while eating and to leave about food on your plate when finished. Only men are permitted to give toasts.The traditional greetings utilize in Mexico vary depending on the sex of the participants and the come of succession they have contendn each other. It is important to greet each member of a group individually. Women will pat each other on the fortify or shoulder as an initial greeting where men use the handshake in situations where they are greeting someone for the first time. Handshakes consist of a gentle grip and a quick sharp shake. After men develop a relationship hugs or back slapping called abrazo replace the handshake. Women will get along with to a series of air kisses on the cheek.Air kissing is also the appropriate greeting between a man and a woman who know each other. The first kiss is in the air near the left cheek and the second is in the air near the right cheek. Unmarried women ingest an additional kiss as a wish for marriage. Receiving an abrazo or air kiss is an indicator that you have been accepted into the group. These traditional Mexican greeting are indicative of gender characteristics. Females are supposed to act open while men are expected to act closed. Foreigners should politely accept these greetings from Mexicans but should not initiate a move from one greeting to the next.This is especially important for an American man who is greeting a Mexican pistillate. The American man should never initiate the air kisses as it may be interpreted as sexual advance which damages the womens honor and her partners machismo. Women are even expected to initiate a handshake with men. It is important to wait until invited to call a Mexican by his or her first name because of the fierceness on formal hierarchy with in the society. Until then you should use the correct honorific (Senor, Senora, Senorita) and the family name. If you do not know if a woman is married or not you should use Senorita followed by her family name.In oral communications you should use the fathers family name only. In written communications it is appropriate to use the fathers family name first followed by the mothers family name. A respectful smile is always appropriate during greetings. Saying goodbye in Mexico is very similar to the process used for greetings. The host will walk the guest to the door and the goodbye will be said with the same mapping as the greeting. If you received a handshake, abrazo, arm pay or air kiss upon arrival expect the same upon leaving. Etiquette about who initiates the goodbye is the same as for greetings.It is polite to thank your host for the g ood time. Gift giving in Mexico is very similar to gift giving traditions in the United States. When invited to a Mexicans home, it is considered polite to bring a gift of sweets or flowers. White flowers are a good choice because they are viewed by Mexicans as uplifting. ruby-red flowers are not appreciated because they are used when someone is sick. Marigolds should not be given because they symbolize death. Gift wrapping does not carry any special significance. Gifts are opened immediately in the presence of those who gave them. It is appropriate to respond enthusiastically.Gifts are not used very often in Mexican care. However, bringing a small gift from home to a business partner you have shapeed with before is okay. Another accepted use of gifts in business is to give chocolates to the secretary. Since gifts are not used frequently, giving chocolates to the secretary will usually help future business run smoothly as you will be favored. It is extremely important for America n men who are presenting females with gifts at work to state that it is from the wife or family. Presenting a gift to a female from a male may be seen as a sexual advance.Colors have been assigned definitions since the Aztec empire in Mexico. However, the definitions of what each color inwardness has changed a lot since then. In the Aztec empire green was a symbol of royalty, white meant death, yellow was a symbol for food and blue symbolized sacrifice. Todays definitions for colors are representative of Mexican cultural conventions. Warm deep colors that reflect the landscape are used in decorating. Bright reds and yellows are fiesta colors. Today white symbolizes purity. White items are believed to have the ability to ward off black magic. Red stands for unity and protection.Using a red handkerchief to cover your mouth when passing a house where someone has died or been sick is believed to protect you from illness or death. Yellow is a regret color. Consequently, marigolds are p lanted in cemeteries. Dark blue is also a mourning color. When attending a funeral Mexicans are expected to wear dark blue. Green is a symbol of independence and hope. Humor is understood and appreciated in Mexico. Situational humor as well as slap-stick humor are enjoyed. Humor that demeans someone to advance someone else can only be used in limited contexts to promote machismo and, consequently, should be avoided.Jokes using Mexican stereotypes or dealing with the Alamo and Mexican-American War are not appreciated. Since humor in Mexico involves many social nuances, it may be better to avoid trying to intentionally make jokes. However, if your host makes a joke smiling and laughing are expected. Mexicans typically work a 5. 5 day work week with 8 mo days Monday through Friday from 9-5 oclock and a half day on Saturday. Mexican law requires that the work week does not surpass 48 hours per week and that lunch hour which is from 3 to 4 oclock must be paid.However, this schedule vari es by the type of business. For example, government workers often work the entire 48 hours in a five day workweek and take off for lunch at 2 oclock for cardinal hours. Consequently, government workers often work very late into the evening. It is very important to establish a friendship with a Mexican business partner before getting down to business. As a result friendly conversation on home life is often mixed into business conversations as a way to get to know people. Breakfast and lunch are good times to have mixed discussions that can lead to better business.However, Mexicans work to live not live to work so business talk should be left out of social situations unless initiated by the Mexican. Between 8 and 11 trillion children under the age of 15 are working in Mexico, approximately 20% of the population of children. This number does not include children working on farms. Although it is mislabeled to employee children under the age of 16, it is still commonly practiced in M exico because children provide a cheaper source of labor. Many children use fake IDs to obtain handicraft because of the financial need of the family.Businesses are not usually punished for illegally employing minors. Alcohol is used regularly in Mexico. The legal drinking age in Mexico is 18. There are responsible drinkers and alcoholics in Mexican society. Approximately 13% of the population has experienced alcohol dependency. Unfortunately incidents of alcoholism are rising. Alcohol is used disproportionatly by men because of Mexican gender roles which promote risky behavior for men and conservative behavior for women. Alcohol is permitted in both business and social settings. In business alcohol is most appropriate during lunch or diner meetings.Mexican leisure activity is similar to that of the United States. Mexicans enjoy television, concerts, movies, picnics, shop and sports. Soccer is the most popular sport. Businesses that provide picnic tables and soccer fields for use b y employees on their lunch hour are viewed very positively by Mexicans. Fiestas, birthdays and traditional holidays are also enjoyed by all members of Mexican society. The types of leisure activities that Mexicans enjoy do not vary for the different income levels. Only the amount of time and money one can invest in these activities varies from one class to another.

Globalization in the hospitality industry Essay

1 Educating workers well-nigh the world Due to globalization, managers and employees of hospitality industry are able to learn about the different finiss, people, religions and other(a) different prospects of life. Globalization also helps them to understand what importance of humanity is. Racism is still a part of some people but due to globalization it is getting hidden. 2 Multilingual services Due to globalization more and more people from different part of the world are traveling around the world. Hotels got benefit by these modernization but to maintain this traveling many hotels hire people who know different languages so that their customers feel comfortable and safe.3 More knowledge about different cultures So,e years back, people are not use to travel internationally and due to this many people were not aware of different cultures and traditions around the world but now people do travel and this increases the knowledge of people to understand about various cultures For e xemplification When In India, I see tourist coming from Africa and they wear their traditional clothes and speak different language. This way I understand their culture and their heritage. 4 Increasing knowledge about different variety of foods Due to this vast trend of globalization, more and more restaurants and hotels have different variety of food because you never know which people are coming from which part of the world. Everybody love food and when they see their own food somewhere they feel so relaxed.For example Chinese tourist travels all around the world and so all big cities have China Town. These things attract Chinese people go and meet these places which are far from China but yet very similar Chinese tradition. 5 Increase in tack agreements Globalization increase trade agreements between two countries as It is good for the economy of both countries as well as for the benefit of people who wants to understand other countrys culture and heritage, For example Canada a nd China have very strong trade relations as China is the second largest trading partner.These relations are maintain because of this increasing multiculturalism. 6 Increase in equality among people and language and cultural barriers reduced When people travel and work in different parts of world, this reduce language and cultural barriers and increase equality among people as they all feel comfortable with working with different people. This is one the major service of globalization because non equality and racism are biggest enemy of humanity. Now people have to be more knowledgeable to take any actions against any culture or race

Presentation About Procter and Gamble Essay

Procter & venture (P&G) is an Ameri ignore multinational consumer goods political party headquartered in downtown Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Its products include foods, b everages, cleaning agents and personal c be products.2 In 2011, P&G recorded $82.6 billion dollars in sales. pot magazine ranked P&G at fifth place of the Worlds Most Admired Companies list, which was up from sixth place in 2010.3 Procter & guess is the only Fortune five hundred company toissue C Share common stock.citation needed Contents hide * 1 History * 2 Operations * 2.1 Management and staff * 2.2 Brands * 2.3 Productions * 3 Contr all oversies * 3.1 Price fixedness * 3.2 Toxic shock syndrome and tampons * 3.3 Animal testing * 3.4 Other products * 3.5 Logo controversy * 4 Notes * 5 External links -editHistoryWilliam Procter, a candlemaker, and James try, a muckmaker, emigrated from England and Ireland respectively. They settled in Cincinnati initially and met when they married sisters, Olivia and Elizabe th Norris.4 Alexander Norris, their father-in-law, called a meeting in which he persuaded his new sons-in-law to become business line partners. On October 31, 1837, as a go forth of the suggestion, Procter & Gamble was created. In 18581859, sales reached $1 one thousand thousand. By this point, approximately 80 employees worked for Procter & Gamble. During the American Civil War, the company won contracts to supply the Union Army with soap and candles.In addition to the increased profits experienced during the war, the military contracts introduced exchangeiers from all over the country to Procter & Gambles products. In the 1880s, Procter & Gamble began to market a new product, an inexpensive soap that floats in water. The company called the soap Ivory. William Arnett Procter, William Procters grandson, began a profit-sharing program for the companys workforce in 1887. By better-looking the workers a stake in the company, he correctly assumed that they would be less the likely to go on strike. The company began to build factories in opposite locations in the United States because the demand for products had outgrown the capacity of the Cincinnati facilities. The companys leaders began to diversify its products as well and, in 1911, began producing Crisco, a shortening make of veggie oils rather than animal fats. As radio became more popular in the 1920s and 1930s, the company sponsored a number of radio programs. As a result, these shows often became commonly known as soap operas.Procter & Gamble headquarters in subjecttownCincinnati, OhioThe company moved into other countries, both in terms of manufacturing and product sales, fitting an international corporation with its 1930acquisition of the Thomas Hedley Co., found in Newcastle upon Tyne, England. Procter & Gamble maintained a strong link to the North East of England after this acquisition. many new products and firebrand names were introduced over time, and Procter & Gamble began branching o ut into new areas. The company introduced Tidelaundry purifying in 1946 and Prell shampoo in 1947. In 1955, Procter & Gamble began moveing the first toothpaste to contain fluoride, known as Crest. Branching out once again in 1957, the company purchased Charmin Paper Mills and began manufacturing toilet authorship and other account products. Once again foc development on laundry, Procter & Gamble began making Downy fabric softener in 1960 and dance fabric softener sheets in 1972. iodine of the most revolutionary products to come out on the market was the companys Pampers, first test-marketed in 1961. Prior to this point disposable diapers were not popular, althoughJohnson & Johnson had highly- authentic a product called Chux. Babies always wore cloth diapers, which were leaky and labor intensive to wash. Pampers provided a convenient alternative, albeit at the environmental cost of more waste requiring landfilling.Procter & Gamble acquired a number of other companies that diver sified its product line and significantly increased profits. These acquisitions included Folgers Coffee, Norwich Eaton Pharmaceuticals (the makers of Pepto-Bismol), Richardson-Vicks, Noxell (Noxzema), Shultons Old Spice, Max Factor, and the IamsCompany, among others. In 1994, the company made headlines for big losses resulting from leveraged positions in interest rate derivatives, and subsequently sued Bankers Trust for fraud this placed their management in the unusual position of testifying in judiciary that they had entered into transactions that they were not capable of on a lower floorstanding. In 1996, Procter & Gamble again made headlines when the Food and Drug Administration approved a new product developed by the company, Olestra. Also known by its brand name Olean, Olestra is a lower-calorie substitute for fat in cooking potato chips and other snacks.Procter & Gamble has dramatically expanded throughout its history, but its headquarters still remains in Cincinnati. In Jan uary 2005 P&G announced an acquisition of Gillette, forming the largest consumer goods company and placing Unilever into second place. This added brands such as Gillette razors,Duracell, von Braun, and Oral-B to their stable. The acquisition was approved by the European Union and the Federal Trade Commission, withconditions to a spinoff of certain overlapping brands. P&G agreed to sell its SpinBrush battery-operated electric toothbrush business to Church & Dwight. It similarly divested Gillettes oral-care toothpaste line, Rembrandt. The deodorant brands Right Guard, Soft & Dri, and Dry Idea were sold to Dial Corporation.5 The companies officially unify on October 1, 2005. Liquid Paper, and Gillettes stationery division, Paper Mate were sold toNewell Rubbermaid.In 2008, P&G branched into the record business with its sponsorship of Tag Records, as an endorsement for TAG Body Spray.6 P&Gs dominance in many categories of consumer products makes its brand management decisions worthy o f study.7 For example, P&Gs corporate strategists must account for the likelihood of one of their products cannibalizing the sales of another.8 On August 24, 2009, the Ireland-based pharmaceutical company Warner Chilcott announced they had bought P&Gs prescription-drug business for $3.1 billion.9 P&G exited the food business in 2012 when it sold its Pringles snack food business to Kelloggs. The company had previously sold Jif peanut butter and Folgers drinking chocolate in separate transactions toSmuckers. Procter and Gamble is a tier one sponsor of the Londons Olympic Games 2012 and sponsors 150 Athletes. -editOperationsAs of July 1, 2011, the company organise is categorized into two Global business organization Units with each one further divided into Business Segments according to the companys 2011 Annual Report. Dimitri Panayotopoulos is Vice electric chair of Global Business Units10 * Beauty segment* Grooming segment* Health Care segment* Snacks & Pet Care segment* Fabric C are & plateful Care segment* Baby Care & Family Home Care segmenteditManagement and staffThe board of directors of Procter & Gamble currently has eleven members Robert A. Mc tireald, Angela Braly, Meg Whitman, Johnathan A. Rodgers, Ernesto Zedillo, Scott Cake, Patricia A. Woertz, Susan D.Desmond-Hellmann, Maggie Wilderotter, W. James McNerney, younger and Kenneth Chenault.11 In March 2011 Rajat Gupta resigned from the board after a SEC accusation ofGalleon Group in placementr trading.12 In October 2008, P&G was named one of Canadas Top blow Employers by Mediacorp Canada Inc., and was featured in Macleans newsmagazine. Later that month, P&G was also named one ofGreater Torontos Top Employers, which was announced by the Toronto Star newspaper.13 In May 2011 Fortune editor-at-large Patricia Sellers praised P&Gs board diversity, as five of the companys eleven current directors are female and take all been on Fortunes annual Most Powerful Women list.14 Procter & Gamble is a member of the U.S. Global leaders Coalition, a Washington, D.C.-based coalition of over 400 major companies and NGOs that advocates for a larger International Affairs Budget, which funds American diplomatic and development efforts abroad.15 editBrandsMain article List of Procter & Gamble brands26 of P&Gs brands have more than a billion dollars in net annual sales, according to the 2011 Annual Report and P&G Corporate Newsroom. Leadership Brands* Ace is a brand of laundry detergent/liquid available in numerous forms and scents. * Always is a brand of feminine care products.* Ariel is a brand of laundry detergent/liquid available in numerous forms and scents. * Bold is a brand of laundry detergent/liquid.* Bounce is a brand of laundry products sold in the United States and Canada. * Bounty is a brand of paper towel sold in the United States and Canada. * Braun is a small-appliances manufacturer specializing in electric shavers, epilators, hair care appliances and blenders. * Cascade is a brand of dishwashing products.* Charmin is a brand of toilet paper sold in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. * CoverGirl is a brand of womens cosmetics.* Crest/Oral B is a brand of toothpaste and teeth-whitening products. * Dash is a brand of laundry detergent/liquid.* Dawn/Fairy is a brand of dishwashing detergent.16* Dolce & Gabbana is an Italian fashion house.* Downy/Lenor is a brand of fabric softener.* Duracell is a brand of batteries and flashlights.* Eukanuba is a brand of pet food.* Febreze/Ambi Pur is a brand of air fresheners.* Fixodent is a brand of air denture adhesives.* Fusion is a brand of mens loaded shave razors.* Gain is a brand of laundry detergent, fabric softeners and liquid dish soap. * Gillette is a brand of safety razor and male grooming products. * stage & Shoulders is a brand of anti-dandruff shampoo and conditioners. * Herbal Essences is a brand of shampoo and conditioners. * Hugo Boss is a brand of fine fragrances.* Iams is a brand of pet food.* Luvs is a brand of baby diapers.* Mach3 is a brand of safety razor and male grooming products. * Max Factor is a brand of womens cosmetics.* Mister Clean is a brand of multi-purpose cleaner sold in the United States, Canada and Great Britain. * Olay is a brand of womens skin care products.* Old Spice is a brand of mens grooming products.* Oral-B is a brand of toothbrush, and oral care products. * Pampers is a brand of disposable diaper and other baby care products. * Pantene is a brand of hair care products (conditioners/styling aids). * Prestobarba/Blue is a brand of safety razor and male grooming products. * Prilosec is an over-the-counter drug.* Puffs is a brand of seventh cranial nerve tissue.* Rejoice/Pert is a brand of hair care products (conditioners/styling aids). * Safeguard is a brand of soaps.* Secret is a female anti-perspirant brand.* SK-II is a brand of womens and mens skin care products. * Swiffer is a brand of house-cleaning products.* Tampax is a brand of feminine care pr oducts.* Tide is a brand of laundry detergent.* genus Venus is a brand female hair-removal products.* Vicks is an over the counter medication.* Wella is a brand name of hair care products (shampoo, conditioner, styling, hair color). Most of these brandsincluding Bounty, Crest and Tideare global products available on several continents. Procter & Gamble products are available in North America, Latin America, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia, Australia and New Zealand. Manufacturing operations are based in the following regions * United States * Canada * Philippines * Mexico * Latin America * Europe * China (31 wholly owned factories) and other parts of Asia * Africa * Australia editProductionsThe P&G production archaean 1985 to 2007 logotype used fromProcter & Gamble produced and sponsored the first radio soap operas in the 1930s (Procter & Gambles being known for detergentssoapswas the genesis of the term soap opera)citation needed. When the medium switched to television in t he 1950s and 1960s, most of the new serials were sponsored and produced by the company. The serial The Young and the Restless is currently broadcast on CBS and is still partly sponsored by Procter & Gamble. When As the World Turns left the air on September 17, 2010, The Young and the Restless, became the only soap left that is partially sponsored by Procter & Gamble. These past serials were produced by Procter & Gamble* Another World * As the World Turns * The Brighter Day * The Catlins * The Edge of Night * The First Hundred Years * From These Roots * Guiding Light * Lovers and Friends / For Richer, for Poorer * Our hugger-mugger World * Search for Tomorrow * Somerset * Texas * Young Doctor Malone Procter & Gamble also was the first company to produce and sponsor a prime-time show, a 1965 spinoff of the mean solar day soap opera As the World Turns called Our Private World. In 1979, PGP produced Shirley, a prime-time NBC series starring Shirley Jones which lasted thirteen episode s. They also produced TBS first original comedy series, Down to Earth, which ran from 1984 to 1987 (110 episodes were produced).They also distributed the syndicated comedy series Throb. Procter & Gamble Productions originally co-produced Dawsons Creek with Sony Pictures Television but withdrew before the series premiere due to early mechanical press reviews. It also produced the 1991 TV movie A Triumph of the Heart The Ricky Bell Story, which was co-produced by The Landsburg Company. It also produces the Peoples Choice Awards. In addition to autogenic items, Procter & Gamble also supports many Spanish-language novellas through advertising on networks such as Univision, Telemundo, Telefutura, and Azteca America.Procter & Gamble was one of the first mainstream advertisers on Spanish-language TV during the mid-1980s.citation needed In 2000, the companys self care BeingGirl website was launched.17 In 2008, P&G expanded into music sponsorship when it joined Island Def Jam to create Tag Records, named after a personate spray that P&G acquired from Gillette. In April 2010, after the cancellation of As the World Turns, PGP announced they were officially phasing out of the soap industry, and expanding into more family appropriate programming.1819 Procter & Gamble also gave a $100,000 contract to the winners of Cycle 1 through 3 of Canadas Next Top Model, wherein Andrea Muizelaar, Rebecca Hardy and Meaghan breakwaterer won the prize. -editControversieseditPrice fixingIn April 2011, P&G was fined 211.2m euros by the European Commission for establishing a price-fixing cartel in Europe along with Unilever, who was fined 104m euros, and Henkel (not fined). Though the fine was set higher at first, it was discounted by 10% after P&G and Unilever admitted running the cartel. As the provider of the tip-off leading to investigations, Henkel was not fined.20 editToxic shock syndrome and tamponsToxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a disease caused by strains of the bacteria Staphyloco ccus aureus. Most people have these bacteria living in their bodies as harmless commensals in places such as the nose, skin, and vagina. The disease can strike anyone, not only women, but the disease is often associated with tampons. In 1980, 814 menstrual-related TSS cases were reported 38 deaths resulted from the disease.The majority of women in these cases were documented as using super-absorbent synthetic tampons, particularly the Rely tampon created by Procter & Gamble.21 The Rely tampon was so super-absorbent that one by itself could in fact hold one fair sexs entire menstrual period flow. Unlike other tampons made of cotton and rayon, Rely used carboxymethylcellulose and compressed beads of polyester for absorption. In the summer of 1980 the Centers for malady Control released a report explaining how these bacterial mechanisms were leading to TSS. They also stated that the Rely tampon was associated with TSS more than any other brand of tampon. In September 1980, Procter & G amble voluntarily recalled its Rely brand of tampons from the market and agreed to provide for a program to notify consumers. Since the 1980s, reported cases of TSS have dramatically decreased.22 editAnimal testingOn June 30, 1999, Procter & Gamble announced that it would limit its animal testing practices to its food and drug products which represents roughly 80% of its product portfolio.23 The company invested more than $275 million in the development of alternative testing methods.24 Procter & Gamble has received criticism from animal advocacy group PETA for the practice of testing on animals.25 editOther productsIn celestial latitude 2005, the Pharmaceutical division of P&G was involved in a dispute over research involving its osteoporosis drug Actonel. The case was discussed in the media.26 In October 2007, a class action lawsuit was filed in the State of Georgia alleging that many users of Crest Pro-Health mouthwash, with the active ingredient Cetylpyridinium chloride, suffere d stained teeth and loss of their sense of test as a result.27 Procter & Gamble contends that these side effects occur in only three percent of users.27 The suit seeks to include disclosure warning users of these side effects on product packaging. editLogo controversyFormer P&G logoP&Gs former logo originated in 1851 as a crude cross that barge workers on the Ohio River painted on cases of P&G star candles to identify them. P&G later changed this symbolisation into a trademark that showed a man in the moon overlooking 13 stars, said to commemorate the original 13 colonies.28 The company received unsought media publicity in the 1980s when rumors spread that the moon-and-stars logo was a satanic symbol. The accusation was based on a particular passage in the Bible, specifically Revelation 121, whichstates And there appeared a great wonder in heaven a womanclothed with the sun, and the moon under her feet, and upon her head a crown of 12 stars.P&Gs logo consisted of a mans face on t he moon surrounded by 13 stars, and some claimed that the logo was a mockery of the heavenly symbol alluded to in the aforementioned verse, thus construing the logo to be satanic. Where the flowing beard meets the surrounding circle, three curls were said to be a mirror image of the number 666, or the reflected number of the beast. At the top and bottom, the hair curls in on itself, and was said to be the two horns like those of a ram. These interpretations have been denied by company officials, and no evidence linking the company to the Church of Satan or any other occult organization has ever been presented.The company unsuccessfully sued Amway from 1995 to 2003 over rumors forwarded through a company voicemail system in 1995. In 2011 the company successfully sued individual Amway distributors for reviving and propagating the false rumors.29 The moon-and-stars logo was discontinued in 1985 as a result of the controversy.30 -editNotes1. a b c d e f 2011 Earnings Report, The Procte r & Gamble Company. The Procter & Gamble Company. Retrieved May 6, 2012. 2. Procter & Gamble board meets amid CEO reports.Boston Herald. Associated Press. June 9, 2009. Retrieved May 5, 2012. 3. P&G Ranks fifth Overall, 1st in Our Industry and a Green Star Among Fortune Magazines Worlds Most Admired Companies (Press release). Procter & Gamble. March 3, 2011. Retrieved May 5, 2012. 4. Dyer, Davis Dalzell, Frederick Olegario, Rowena (2004).Rising Tide Lessons from 165 Years of Brand Building at Procter & Gamble. Harvard Business School Press. ISBN 1-59139-147-4. 5. Wherrity, Constance (February 21, 2006). Dial Agrees to Buy P&G Deodorant Brands. Pierce Mattie overt Relations New York blog. Retrieved May 5, 2012. 6. P&G essential persist in With Caution. Marketing Doctor Blog. July 10, 2008. Retrieved May 5, 2012. 7. How To Learn From GE and P&G When The World Is About To Change. Marketing Doctor Blog. June 6, 2008. Retrieved May 5, 2012. 8. Horstman, Barry M (October 11, 200 5). John G. Hankus He rebuilt P&G and city, too.The CincinnatiPost. Archived from the original on April 5, 2005. 9. Cordieiro, Anjali Loftus, Peter (August 25, 2009). Warner Chilcott to pay $3.1 for P&Gs drug business. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved May 5, 2012. 10. Dimitri Panayotopoulos Vice chairman. Pg.com. Retrieved February 15, 2012. 11. Board Composition business leaders, law, American Express. Pg.com. Retrieved February 15, 2012. 12. P&G ciphers P&G News Events, Multimedia, Public Relations (Press release). Pg.com. December 31, 2011. Retrieved February 15, 2012. 13. Reasons for Selection, 2009 Canadas Top 100 Employers Competition. 14. Sellers, Patricia (May 5, 2011). P&G rates an A for board diversity. CNN Money. Retrieved May 5, 2012. 15. U.S. Global Leadership Coalition, Global Trust members. Usglc.org. Retrieved May 5, 2012. 16. Dawn. Dawn-dish.com. Retrieved May 5, 2012.17. Dancing tampons. Wired. July 26, 2000. Retrieved May 5, 2012. 18. Levine, Rober t (July 7, 2008). Its American Brandstand Marketers Underwrite Performers. New York Times. Retrieved May 5, 2012. 19. P&G Must Proceed With Caution. Marketing Doctor Blog. July 10, 2008. Retrieved May 5, 2012. 20. Unilever and Procter & Gamble in price fixing fine. BBC News. April 13, 2011. 21. Mikkelson, Barbara Mikkelson, David (December 31, 2005 December 31). Tampax Pearl. Snopes.com. Retrieved May 5, 2012. 22. Mcpherson, Marianne (March 2005). Sexual Anatomy, Reproduction, and the menstrual Cycle. Boston Womens Health Book Collective. Retrieved May 5, 2012. 23. Canedy, Dana (July 1, 1999). P.& G. to End Animal Tests For Most Consumer Goods.The New York Times. Retrieved May 5, 2012. 24. Animal Welfare and Alternatives. Procter & Gamble. Retrieved May 5, 2012. 25. Liddick, Don (2006). Eco-terrorism radical environmental and animal liberation movements. Praeger Publishers.ISBN 978-0-275-98535-6. Retrieved May 5, 2012. 26. Collated Media Reports. Thejabberwock.org. July 7, 2011. Retrieved May 5, 2012. 27. a b In The Superior Court Of Richmond County (PDF). Retrieved February 15, 2012. 28. Procter and Gamble v. Amway 242 F.3d 539. U.S. Court of Appeals, 5th Circuit. February 14, 2001. Retrieved May 5, 2012. 29. Procter & Gamble Wins Satanic Civil Suit. CBS Money Watch. February 11, 2009. Retrieved May 5,2012. 30. Witt, Howard (April 25, 1985). Corporate news Procter symbol succumbs to devilish rumor. Chicago Tribune. -editExternal links Cincinnati entre Ohio portal Companies portal Wikimedia Commons has media related to Procter & Gamble * Official websiteshow * v * t * eProcter & Gamble Co.show * v * t * eComponents of the Dow Jones Industrial Averageshow * v * t * ePharmaceutical companies of the United Statesshow * v * t * eSelected Royal Warrant holders of the British Royal FamilyView page ratingsRate this pageWhats this?TrustworthyObjective realisedWell-writtenI am highly knowledgeable about this topic (optional)Submit ratingsCategories* Compa nies listed on the New York Stock Exchange* Companies established in 1837* Companies based in Cincinnati, Ohio* Companies based in Geneva* Dow Jones Industrial Average* Manufacturing companies based in Ohio* National Medal of Technology recipients* Pharmaceutical companies of the United States* Procter & Gamble* Pulp and paper companies of the United States* Dental companies* Brand management* Worldwide Olympic sponsors* Create account* Log in* Article* Talk* Read* Edit* View history-Top of FormBottom of Form* Main page* Contents* Featured content* Current events* Random article* Donate to Wikipediafundamental interaction* Help* About Wikipedia* Community portal* Recent changes* Contact WikipediaToolboxPrint/exportLanguages* * * * Catal* Dansk* Deutsch* Espaol* * Franais* * Hrvatski* Bahasa Indonesia* Italiano* * * Lietuvi* Magyar* * Bahasa Melayu* Nederlands* * norsk (bokml)* Polski* Portugus* Romn* * * Srpskohrvatski / * Suomi* Svenska* * Trke* * Ting Vit* * This page was last mo dified on 18 September 2012 at 2323. * Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License additional terms may apply. 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Museu de Arte Contemporânea de Niterói Essay

The Niteri Contemporary Art Museum (Museu de Arte Contempornea de Niteri MAC) is situated in the urban center of Niteri, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and is one of the citys main landmarks. It was completed in 1996. Designed by Oscar Niemeyer with the assistance of structural engineer Bruno Contarini, who had worked with Niemeyer on earlier projects, the MAC-Niteri is 16 meters high its cupola has a diameter of 50 metres with three floors. The museum projects itself over Boa Viagem (Bon Voyage, Good Journey), the 817 square metres (8,790 sq ft) reflecting pool that surrounds the cylindrical base like a flower, in the speech communication of Niemeyer. A wide access slope leads to a Hall of Expositions, which has a capacity for sixty people. Two doors lead to the viewing gallery, through which can be seen theGuanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, and Sugarloaf Mountain.The saucer-shaped modernist structure, which has been likened to a UFO, is set on a cliffside, at the bottom of which is a beach . In the film Oscar Niemeyer, an architect committed to his century,1 Niemeyer is seen flying over Rio de Janeiro in a UFO which then lands on the site, suggesting this to be the origin of the museum. The MAC Scandal was a political grime that occurred when the mayor Joo Sampaio inaugurated the Niteri Contemporary Art Museum. The MAC is located on a hill slope that had locked construction rights set by the city council. Therefore in celestial latitude 1996, the new mayor, Jorge Roberto Silveira sent a project to the city council to obtain the rights to construction in that area. The project was accepted in only two days, giving authorization to build buildings up to 40 metres (130 ft).The city council did not know that days before, Zeca Mocarzel, sub-mayor of the Niteris Oceanic Region (of Jorge Roberto Silveiras government) bought the lands at a very low price, claiming to the old owner that the region was locked and nothing could be done there. So he bought the area and, after t he inauguration of the MAC which good increased the property values of the nearby areas, later sold the land for more than 5 million reals, approximately 1,250,000 US dollars at the time (2,720,000 dollars today). Because the scandal occurred just before Christmas, the people of Niteri said that it was Jorge Roberto Silveira, Zeca Mocarzel and Joo Sampaios (long-time Niteris politicians) Christmas present.

Groups and High-Performance Teams

Abstract Todays leaders face many challenges in the creation of a high-performing police squad. Effective leaders are satisfactory to assemble a superior team up with good hierarchical balance, measurable and attainable goals, and appropriate communication expectations across the team. They promptly address infringe resolutions and ravish down all physical barriers in managing multi-city offices and dispersed employees. By paying close attention to team demographics and diversity, good leaders entrust establish a solid assemblage foundation which will result in a high-performance team.Groups and High-Performance Teams There are many factors that affect a teams behavior and overall performance. Group demographics and diversity can ultimately play a key role in the success or disappointment of any team. This paper will identify some of the challenges that todays leaders face in turning a group into a high-performance team, and the impact of demographic characteristics and cult ural diversity on group behavior. Groups vs. Teams As defined by Schermerhorn (2005), A group is a collection of two or more people who work with one another regularly to achieve common goals.An effective group is one that achieves high levels of task performance, member satisfaction, and team vi cleverness. Teams on the other hand, are usually time-limited groups that get together to achieve a common purpose. An essential criterion of a true team is that the members line up collectively accountable for what they accomplish. (Schermerhorn, 2005). The manager or team leader must remember the importance of the team members ability to associate themselves with a group individualism and begin to form an attachment to their teammates. The fact is that it takes a lot more work to stimulate a well-functioning team than simply assigning members to the same group and then expecting them to do a great job. (Shcermerhorn, 2005). Team Identity Setting a teams identity is one of the first steps a manager must take in forming a high-performing team. As we often witness in the sports world, a teams identity can garter to rally team members and build camaraderie amongst its members. The same approach holds true in a business setting. Computer Weekly (2004) reports, The project start sour can also be used to build team identity and build psychological attachment between members. (p. 24). This psychological attachment will act as the foundation upon which the team is built and will affect the teams overall performance. According to Turk (2005), As the project manager you need to build a staff that can get the job done. You need the right mix of expertise, creativity, flexibility, enthusiasm, and experience. ( p. 30). These key attributes will work to motivate other team members and take to heart the manager in establishing the appropriate balance to the team. Team Diversity When forming effective teams, managers must consider team synergy an important goal, and diver sity plays a major(ip) role.Managers should strive to create the appropriate balance between workers and their personality types. As Martinette (2005) points out, Work groups and teams that have too many people of one type or another soon find themselves out of balance. (p. 117). For good problem solving and decision making, you need a diversity of personality types. (Hill, 2005, p. 37). Striking the proper team balance is important and balance does not mean people with a background and disposition just like the boss. Many types of diversity are to be expected on any team, and can be the source of many differences of opinion.Age, gender, ethnicity, and personality differences can affect the teams cohesiveness, or non-cohesiveness as may be. Obviously, with a diverse group the possibilities of conflict increase, but so do the possibilities of a greater take. Hill (2005) gives us an example, Meetings are more raucous and consensus is harder to achieve. provided these arguments of ten spark new ideas. As a result, the company is constantly spawning and sculpting new innovations in a way the old team never did. (p. 38). Differences in world view can create dynamic conversations and results, if the team can learn how to effectively deal with conflict.According to D Andrea-O Brien and Buono (1996), True team learning is the ability of members to build on their knowledge so that their collective knowledge enables them to continually improve team performance as well as to discover, develop and apparatus completely new ways of doing business (p. 1). Demographics Managing remote employees is a growing challenge for many of todays leaders. It is not just about managing employees at satellite offices it is also managing telecommuters who work a certain number of days from their home offices.A manager needs to understand the complexities of managing a virtual team and communicating across the boundaries of time zones, organizations and cultures. Good communication pr actices as well as building personal relationships are both key to working with remote employees. As Pauleen (2003) states, Effective communications is a key to successful virtual teams, and one of the keys to effective communications is how well team members are able to build and keep up their personal relationships. (p. 229).Video conferencing works well and provides a companys employees with a visual link that serves to backfill for the lack of face-to-face communications that employees would have if they were collocated. Trust and want An important goal for managers, in addressing and monitoring a teams behavior, is to develop the trust of his or her team members. Employees that trust one another will often be motivated to go the extra mile in meeting and exceeding team objectives. Team motivation is extremely important because it makes the team more effective.Stephen Covey (1989) states Unclear expectations in the area of goals also undermine communication and trust. (p. 19 4). If goals seem unachievable, it could affect the teams buy-in to the whole process. Giving, receiving and being responsive to feedback should be a fundamental part of the team process. bout According to DeJanasz, Dewd and Schneider (2001), Conflict is any situation in which there are incompatible goals, cognitions, or emotions within or between individuals or groups that lead to opposition or antagonistic interaction. (p. 243).Conflict among team members is inevitable and desirable, because conflict in itself is not the problem. It is, rather, our reactions to it that determine the impact, and causes us to characterize it as a negative experience. (Porter, 2005, p. 1). It should be anticipated that the team will disagree, and therefore, conflict should be considered a part of the process. In fact, if we define conflicts as simply differences of opinion, this is only what we want to happen. In bringing together a diverse group of experts, we expect and want these differences t o surface because, in the end, we expect a better outcome or result. (The Team, p. 171). If everyone agreed, there would be no reason to team up to resolve a situation, or to come up with new ideas. Teams are develop for a specific purpose, and diverse opinions, ideas, and perspectives will make the team most effective. Conclusion Team diversity and demographics play a key role in determining the success or failure of any team. An appropriate understanding and acceptance of a diverse group will benefit the organization done innovative and diverse ideas. Of course, that doesnt mean you should go out of your way to hire people you dont like.While a certain measure of conflict is healthy, too much conflict can be destructive. (Hill, 2005, p. 39). Paying close attention to team identity, trust, diversity, motivation and conflict resolution will go a long way in paving the road for a successful team outcome. Employees will appreciate that their leadership cares about these issues and will reward the team with their best efforts in meeting goals, which results in a high-performance team. References Computer Weekly. (2004, June). Plan your web project milestones. Computer Weekly. 4-54. Retrieved October 8, 2005 from Business Source autopsy database. Covey, Stephen R. (1989). The cardinal Habits of Highly Effective People Powerful Lessons in Personal Change. New York Fireside. D Andrea-O Brien, Charlene & Buono, Anthony F. (1999, Summer). Building effective learning teams Lessons from the field. S. A. M. Advanced Management journal, 61(3), 1-6. Retrieved September 23, 2005, from ProQuest database. DeJanasz, Dewd & Schneider. (2001). Conflict Sources and solutions. Interpersonal Skills in Organizations. University of Phoenix Custom Edition e-text. McGraw-Hill Companies. Retrieved October 3, 2005, from University of Phoenix, rEsource, GEN ccc Skill for Professional increase Course Web site https//ecampus. phoenix. edu/secure/resource/resource. asp. Hill, Dee. (20 05, November). transaction with diversity. Inc. , 27(11), 37-40. Retrieved January 13, 2006, from Academic Search Premier Database. Martinette, Jr. ,C. V. (2005, April). Leadership and Balance. Fire Engineering, 158, 117-126. Retrieved October 8, 2005 from Academic Search Premier database.Pauleen, David J. (2003, Winter). An Inductively Derived Model of Leader-Initiated Relationship Building with Virtual Team Members. Journal of Management Information Systems, 20, 227-256. Retrieved October 7, 2005 from Business Source Premier database. Porter, Sheila, J. D. Managing Conflict in Learning Teams. University of Phoenix Custom Edition e-text. Retrieved September 28, 2005, from University of Phoenix, rEsource, GEN 300 Skills for Professional Development Course Web site https//ecampus. phoenix. edu/secure/resource/resource. asp.Schermerhorn, Jr. J. R. , Hunt, J. G. , and Osborn, R. N. (2005). Organizational Behavior (9th ed. ) Wiley. Hoboken, NJ. The Team Working Together. Chapter 12. Un iversity of Phoenix Custom Edition e-text. Retrieved September 26, 2005, from University of Phoenix, rEsource, GEN 300 Skills for Professional Development Course Web site https//ecampus. phoenix. edu/secure/resource/resource. asp. Turk, Wayne. (2005, May/June). Quality Management A Primer. Defense & AT-L, 34, 30-33. Retrieved October 7, 2005 from Business Source Premier database.

Issues in Second Language Learning Essay

People today live in a global village people correspond with from each one other from around the egg regularly through the Internet, modern transportation enables a person to travel from Africa to Europe in a matter of hours, products are bought and sold with increasing ministration from all over the word, services are provided anytime, anywhere in the world, and real time coverage of major international news events is defecaten for granted. Thus, it seems that reading s phrase is a requirement in todays highly globalised environment.However, abet dustup learn (SLL) is a long and difficult demonstrate, and is a magnanimous task for anyone. After all, learning a first address is a process that gather ups much of a young childs day, and ESL students in universities must(prenominal) work even harder in order to learn and acquire a second talking to. The learning process can be emotionally difficult for university students to take the step into a new talking to and cult ure. Adult learners, perhaps even more than children and adolescents, can be shy and embarrassed around others when trying expose beginning language skills.Learners acquire a second language in many different ways. There are many similarities in how a second language is learned, but there are also differences based on individual student characteristics and language background. For example, outgoing students may begin to imitate phrases and expressions genuinely early and try them without worrying about making mistakes. Conversely, other learners may not physical exertion their new language for some time. Usually, at the outset, learners may understand cultural shock as they are exposed to a new language, therefore, a whole new culture.This common go out, described as uprooting, is the abrupt diversity from a familiar cultural milieu to an alien one. In the beginning of every SLL program, many learners experience a so-called honeymoon period, during which students are enraptur e with the alien language without a true catch of them. As time progresses, it is common for students to become almost hostile toward learning new language. Second language learners often suffer greater rates of anxiety, depression, and psychosomatic complaints.Furthermore, given the stresses SLL students face, a student struggling with language issues may lack the physical, emotional, or financial resources to lam to basic needs. After this stage, the learners are transitioned to so-called improved adjustment. In the last stage, the stage of bilingualism, the learners incorporate the norms of the language and culture that they bedevil acquired and learned into their own life-style and their own value set. Cultural Issues Many students of SLL are struggling with learning a new language.These struggles stem above all from linguistic and cultural differences. Often, they experience the language shock phenomenon wherein learners confront anxiety when first entering a community in w hich they do not verbalise, or are not ripe in, the dominant language. It is a common occurrence in schools, where, despite their desire to speak the dominant language fluently, students must struggle for months or several eld before they understand everything that is being said. This feeling of anxiety is aggravated by the ignorance of others.Consider the following example reported by Li (1999) When a Chinese mother went to pick up her daughter from school, she began to ask her some questions about her day, but in Chinese. The girl became upset with her mother and later explained that her classmates would laugh at her in those situations. Moreover, whenever the teacher in her school inquired as to who had made a particular mistake, one of her classmates would point to her and say, The Chinese girl, when it was usually not so. In admission to the language shock that occurs on entering a new environment, many students experience another kind of struggle.Because of the types of or deal described above, second language learners have negative associations with speaking their native language. Yet when they go home, that is the language in which their parents communicate. Moreover, their parents insist that they too maintain the use of the native language as a connection to their homeland and heritage. But many second language learners, especially those who immigrated to position-speaking countries, associate proficiency and fluency in English with becoming American and so they want to give up their native language.These learners are caught in a battle while at home, they are expected by their parents to speak their first language at school they are pressured to speak the second language. Another significant challenge that many second language learners face is sagacity the curriculum and pedagogy used in the classroom. Western classrooms are largely Euro-centric and America-centric. Carger (1996) recounts the story of a Mexican American boy, who was a student in a predominantly Latino Catholic middle school in Chicago.While the teachers and administrators never openly stated that they believed their students were inferior, they treated them as if they were. The boys homeroom teacher often used a de heart tone when she spoke to her students. She did not allow them to ask questions, nor did she encourage them to think on their own. Most of her assignments included surfeit to which her students could not relate. For example, one task that the students were asked to complete was to describe the experience of going to the dentist. However, many of the students had never been to a dentist.Pedagogical Issues A major problem confronting learners is the misfortune of the teachers to appreciate different learning strategies and styles among SLL students. Increased interest in student-centred learning approaches amongst language educators has led to numerous studies investigating individual language learning strategies and their consanguinity to achievement in learning second/foreign languages. Studies have indicated support for appropriately applied language learning strategies on second/foreign language achievement (e. g. , Griffiths and Parr, 2001).The consensus of the research is that although all learners, regardless of success with language learning, consciously or unconsciously employ a variety of learning strategies successful language learners busy in more purposeful language learning and use more language-learning strategies than do less successful ones. Overall, findings indicate that both the frequency with which learners founder language learning strategies and the strategies they choose are distinguishing characteristics mingled with more successful and less successful learners.Learning strategies are strategies that contribute to the development of the language system of rules which the learner constructs and which affect learning directly. They are steps taken to facilitate the acquisition, storage, ret rieval, and use of development. In addition learning strategies are the special behaviours or thoughts that individuals use to help them learn, comprehend, or retain new information. Furthermore, it can be argued that learning strategies can foster learners autonomy in language learning.Strategies can also embolden second language learners in promoting their own achievement in language proficiency. Learning strategies, therefore, not only help learners become efficient in learning and utilise a language, but also contribute to increasing learners self-directed learning. Whether as a result of heredity, educational background, situational requirements, age, or other factors, Sudanese learners of the English language understand and process information differently.While one individual prefers a particular learning style over another, such a orientation course reflects a personal inclination for how to learn in a particular situation. As personalities change, so too may their learni ng style preferences after word picture to different learning/teaching situations. Early research into language learning strategies was mostly concerned with investigating what language learning strategies learners used, without attempting to address the links between strategy use and success. Recent research has focused on determining the connections between strategy use and language proficiency.Such studies have shown that proficient language learners employed more strategies in language learning than less proficient language learners. Other findings have exposed a relationship between students perceptions of their language proficiency and strategy use. Oxford and Nyikos (1989) affirmed that greater strategy use accompanied perceptions of higher proficiency, while Wharton (2000) demonstrated a significant correlation between the devil factors, indicating the higher a students language proficiency self-rating, the more frequent strategy use was.Long lists of learning strategies h ave been identified by a number of studies over the past thirty years Oxford (1993) reported that there were at least two dozen different classifications. Generally, these learning strategies chance on under four broad categories, i. e. strategies that enable learners to (1) comprehend, store, retrieve and use information (2) manage and direct their learning through reflection and planning (3) control their emotions and (4) bring about opportunities to practice the target language with other people. Learning strategy system can be direct or indirect.Basically, direct learning strategies require affable processing of the target language. There are three major groups of direct strategies, each processes the language differently and for different purposes memory, cognitive, and compensation. Memory learning strategies, also called mnemonics, involve mental processes used in arranging information in order, making associations, and reviewing. Cognitive learning strategies involve the processing of the target language so that marrow becomes clear through processes like reasoning and analyzing.Lastly, compensation learning strategies enable second language learners to sword up for gaps in their knowledge and skills, by, for example, guessing meanings and using gestures. On the other hand, indirect strategies support and manage language learning often without involving the target language directly. The metacognitive, affective, and social learning strategies belong to the groups of indirect learning strategies. In essence, metacognitive learning strategies enable second language learners to plan, coordinate, evaluate, and direct their own learning as well as to monitor errors.Affective learning strategies, on the other hand, help learners gain control over their emotions, attitudes, and motivation through self-encouragement, self-reward, and reduction of anxieties. Finally, social learning strategies are ways of involving other people in enhancing learning throug h questions, cooperation and increased cultural awareness. Another pedagogical issue is that many SLL teachers do not generate environment that will foster learners understanding of making the essential mental construction. The current research proposes that students need to construct their own understanding of their learning.Constructivism provides a way of understanding teaching and learning and offers information for developing various ways of teaching, because the challenge in teaching is not to lecture, explain, or otherwise to attempt to transfer knowledge, but to create circumstances and experiences that engage the students and support their own explanation and application of language models needed to make sense of these experiences. The focus of constructivism is not unique to psychology it also has roots in several areas, such as linguistics. Constructivism is primarily a hypothesis of human development that in recent years has been applied to learning.The learning or mean ing-making theory proposes that people create their own meaning and understanding, combining what they already know and believe to be true with new experiences with which they are confronted. The theory views knowledge as temporary, developmental, social and cultural. Lambert et al. (1995) described constructivism as the primary basis of learning where individuals bring past experiences and beliefs, as well as their cultural histories and world views, into the process of learning all of these influence how we interact with and interpret our encounters with new ideas and events (p.xii).Guided by theories of constructivism, teachers must recognize that learning is a search for meaning meaning requires an understanding of the whole as well as its parts in seeking meaning, they must understand the mental representations that students use to interpret the world and the assumptions they make to strengthen those representations and the goal of learning is for the SLL student to develop his or her own understanding.Hence the students cultural-social and historical contexts are of importance in their learning. Social constructivist concepts have important implications in teaching strategies. Social constructivists believe that reality is constructed through human interactivity. Members of a cabaret together construct the properties of the world. For them, reality does not exist introductory to its social invention, thus it cannot be discovered.Also, social constructivism holds that knowledge is also a human product and is socially and culturally constructed, which suggests that individuals establish meaning by interacting with each other and with their environment. Additionally, social constructivism proposes that learning does not occur only within an individual, but is a social process meaningful learning among SLL students happens when they are multiform in social activities.Teachers can design instructional models based on the social constructivist perspective. These models promote collaboration among learners and with practitioners in the society. According to Lave and Wenger (1991) a societys practical knowledge is positioned in relations among practitioners, their practice and the social organization and political economy of communities of practice. This suggests that learning should involve such knowledge and practice.

To Eat or Not to Eat

To carry off or Not to Eat In the twenty first century people have managed to cl whiz animals and channel organs but they still have not managed to cope with many serious diseases. Some of the approximately widely spread atomic number 18 the have dis battle arrays such(prenominal) as anorexia nervosa, binge- take in syndrome nervosa and binge eating unheal cle aress. change surface though many people underestimate them, they are uttermost(prenominal)ly dangerous and regular(a) fatal. In fix up to pr pointt eating deranges, we should learn more about them. First of all, e real hotshot toilet be moved(p) by such diseases regardless their age, gender, race and place of living.However, the risk is nobleer, if wholenesss parents suffered from an eating disorder or if wizard is engaged with for instance dancing, modelling or cooking. It is worth mentioning that the psychological factor plays a in truth important role. Many young girls give up eating be spend a penny the y want to look like the girls from the shape magazines and the TV. save some trim downg that has started as an innocent diet or a bit of overweight, may destroy ones health and life. There are a lot of types of eating disorders the most notorious world anorexia nervosa, binge-eating syndrome nervosa and binge eating disorder.Anorexia nervosa is characterised with an constitutionally strong desire for losing weight and fear of gaining weight. It is conceptualized social and family factors scram that condition. Nowadays society exerts a lot of pressure on people, especially girls and young women, to be thin and good looking. Many start starvation diets and become obsessed with their weight which can easily al low-down for to anorexia nervosa. Most people who suffer from it do not realise that they have a problem and guess they are obese even though their body mass is less than 35kg. One of the most extreme examples is that of Lauren Bailey who dropped below 20kg.Fortunately, she managed to cope with her terrible condition unlike many other women. Bulimia nervosa is characterised with periods of extreme eat and binging followed by guilt and depression that usually rent to intentional vomiting. It is another example of eating disorder caused by social and family factors. However, many people who have digestive problems may also suffer from bulimia nervosa. These are people who havent found medical solution of their problems and try to find one themselves. This condition may cause more problems with the digestive system, affect the teeth, the hair and the nails.Some celebrities that have had problems with bulimia are Lady Diana, lady Gaga and Sir Elton John. Binge eating disorder is characterised with over consumption of food even when one is not hungry, obesity and feeling of guilt. This condition is usually caused by depression and different problems at work or in the family. People start eating more and more to feel better. The modify are usually as hamed of themselves, tend to hide and eat alone. This disease may cause diabetes, internality disease, kidney disease, bone deterioration, stroke and even death. The seven-year-old Jessica Gaude is regarded as the fat psychometric test child in the world with her 222kg.These are only a few examples of the seventy million registered cases of eating disorders. However, if all these people receive help that will authorize them realise their condition and they may change their way of living forever. All types of eating disorders involve chilblained way of eating that begins gradually and reaches the point when it is extremely difficult to turn back. Everyone can fall dupe to such diseases, so we should be careful with the people around us our relatives and friends. If some of them suffer from an eating disorder they may not even realise it, so we ought to help them because this may save their lives.To Eat or Not to EatTo eat or not to eat? That is the question. I have do an appoin tment to have my blood lipid levels checked, but I cant remember if my doctor mentioned unfluctuatinging in front the blood test. And Ive heard that it is unnecessary to fast before a blood test. Is this true? Nowadays, people are more concerned and aware of how much fat is in their diet. Having your blood lipid levels tested on a regular basis is a good way to keep track of this. However, it is often inconvenient for many people to fast before a blood test as the idea of missing a meal can be disconcerting.A recent study, done by students of HUNT221 at the University of Otago, looks into the work of blood lipid levels after down different types of meals, compared with fasting. In the experiment, total (plasma) cholesterol and triacylglycerol (1) concentrations were monitored between fasting and non-fasting blood tests. The aim of the investigation was to name whether these lipid levels were raised by recently ingested meals. Subjects were required to consume a full(prenomina l) simoleons (CHO) or high fat meal with similar energy and protein content.The results obtained were necessary to determine if there was a post-prandial(2) instal on the true validity of the lipid concentrations. This is also useful for diagnosing blood lipid disorders such as high cholesterol. All subjects were required to provide a fasting blood sample to evince a baseline for the lipid concentration. The fasting results showed a mean total cholestrol level of 4. 36 mmol/L and a mean triacylglyceride level of 1. 13 mmol/L. The study showed that the lipid concentrations between subjects who ingested a high carbohydrate meal and those fasting were similar.There were no significant value to show that the high carbohydrate meal had an effect on lipid levels in the blood. Triglyeride levels in CHOs are generally low(? ), explaining the little effect that a high CHO meal has on triglyercide levels in the blood. However not all foods high in CHO are low in triglycerides. For example, muffins which are considered to be high in CHO also have an elevated amount of out of sight fat. So yes, that toast with your favourite low-fat spread is okay to have before going for your blood test. But always check with your GP first.When comparing the high fat and the fasting blood samples, it showed that there was a significant increase of 20% in total blood triacylglyceride concentrations. The total cholesterol concentration did not change significantly. This suggesting that by eating a high fat meal, the triacylglyceride levels will be affected whence the blood test would not be accurate and would not provide a correct index number of actual lipid levels. Therefore, lipid intake should be kept to a minimum before a blood test. . Replacing standard dairy products for low-fat alternatives is better when considering eating before a blood test (3).Also look out for hidden lipids in foods high in carbohydrates by checking nutrition panels on the packaging. So to answer your qu estion, it is preferable to fast for 10 to 12 hours to avoid obtaining invalid results. However, if it is necessary to eat, avoid high fat foods such as bacon and eggs, or high fat spreads. Rather, you can opt for carbohydrate foods such as fruits and vegetables or breads and cereals. It is necessary however to keep in mind that these suggestions only apply when scrutiny for blood lipids levels, if in doubt talk to your GP.To Eat or Not to EatTo Eat or Not to Eat In the twenty first century people have managed to clone animals and permute organs but they still have not managed to cope with many serious diseases. Some of the most widely spread are the eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. regular though many people underestimate them, they are extremely dangerous and even fatal. In order to prevent eating disorders, we should learn more about them. First of all, everyone can be affected by such diseases regardless their age, gender, race and place of living.However, the risk is higher, if ones parents suffered from an eating disorder or if one is engaged with for instance dancing, modelling or cooking. It is worth mentioning that the psychological factor plays a very important role. Many young girls give up eating because they want to look like the girls from the forge magazines and the TV. But something that has started as an innocent diet or a bit of overweight, may destroy ones health and life. There are a lot of types of eating disorders the most notorious be anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder.Anorexia nervosa is characterised with an extremely strong desire for losing weight and fear of gaining weight. It is believed social and family factors cause that condition. Nowadays society exerts a lot of pressure on people, especially girls and young women, to be thin and good looking. Many start starvation diets and become obsessed with their weight which can easily lead to anorexia n ervosa. Most people who suffer from it do not realise that they have a problem and believe they are obese even though their body mass is less than 35kg. One of the most extreme examples is that of Lauren Bailey who dropped below 20kg.Fortunately, she managed to cope with her terrible condition unlike many other women. Bulimia nervosa is characterised with periods of extreme overgorge and binging followed by guilt and depression that usually lead to intentional vomiting. It is another example of eating disorder caused by social and family factors. However, many people who have digestive problems may also suffer from bulimia nervosa. These are people who havent found medical solution of their problems and try to find one themselves. This condition may cause more problems with the digestive system, affect the teeth, the hair and the nails.Some celebrities that have had problems with bulimia are Lady Diana, lady Gaga and Sir Elton John. Binge eating disorder is characterised with over consumption of food even when one is not hungry, obesity and feeling of guilt. This condition is usually caused by depression and different problems at work or in the family. People start eating more and more to feel better. The affected are usually ashamed of themselves, tend to hide and eat alone. This disease may cause diabetes, purport disease, kidney disease, bone deterioration, stroke and even death. The seven-year-old Jessica Gaude is regarded as the fattest child in the world with her 222kg.These are only a few examples of the seventy million registered cases of eating disorders. However, if all these people receive help that will build up them realise their condition and they may change their way of living forever. All types of eating disorders involve ill way of eating that begins gradually and reaches the point when it is extremely difficult to turn back. Everyone can fall victim to such diseases, so we should be careful with the people around us our relatives and fri ends. If some of them suffer from an eating disorder they may not even realise it, so we ought to help them because this may save their lives.

“I do, I will, I have” Essay

Ogden Nashs poem, I do, I will, I have is near the formal union of a man and a women. Its usually know by the law in which they become husband and wife. In other words, its a poem about a marriage. Hes describing the mood a marriage works. I think many raft could agree or disagree with his views, however, he outlines the basics to a marriage.Without describing his poem line from line, the overall purpose of this poem is to top out that marriages are always different. Typically a marriage wont work out when the two people are exactly the same. When he wrote just as I am unsure of the differnce among phytology and fauna and flotsam and jetsam, hes comparing two different words that have the same meaning. This can appertain to marriage in which the meaning of a marriage will always be the same only if always with two different lives. That phrase is considered to be an idiom. Its a metaphorical statement with a metonymical meaning thats separate from its literal meaning.In line 13, the word Quick is capitalized. When I first read this, I thought she was telling him to quickly get up. Then I realized it was capitalized and the word actual could be used to describe what shes saying or as his name. The title of the poem I do, I will, I Have I think its significant as well. Its showing that most marriages end in divorce. It would any be his experience or the experience of many others. Another observation I made is from lines 11 through 14.Hes not only showing they have two different views more(prenominal)over the differences in macrocosm optimistic and pessimistic. The guy is seen as being optimistic. Hes rattling laid back, hopeful and confident about things. Shes very pessimistic and things the worst and always seems to be worrying. I think with this statement hes showing the stereotype between a man and a women. Most men and women are seen in the same way that he portrayed them.Now days marriages arent as common as they used to be. Less people are ge t married today rather than in the past. I think this stereotype has to do with both peoples views and experiences but also the fear of a heartbreak. When he wrote that is why marriage is more interesting than divorce, hes saying that theres more to a marriage than most people see. His poem views marriage in a good way in the beginning but then it leads to divorce. Now days I think its always seen in both ways from the beginning and thats why there are less marriages.

Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains

This one of the famous word-paintings In Chinese history has highly dogged shape and this painting has influenced on later ages. Characteristic in his painting makes viewers to confuse as they feel reality. In painting, there are similar geographical features. For example, similar shape of landscape appears repeatedly such as mountains shape on the enormous river and the shape of the coastlines. For these indicates, a viewer would be suitable to feel sitting on opposite sides of a hill.In this sense, Huang Gongwang had a gift for making his artistry look real realistic On the other hand, if looking closely, each part of the painting has very unique brushstroke method. For instance, the mountains located on the left side and the right side of painting were painted by using light paint and not detailed comparing to the other mountains. In other words, the brushstroke method applied in the middle of this painting is drier, detailed and non-washed by comparison with other parts o f this painting.The painter may intend for viewer to focus on the middle part of Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains. A close look, however, detailed description such as trees and rocks especially were not made by using one-touch brush strokes. These things which require a lot of works were not made by simple stroke. In order to make cubic and lifelike effect, the painter painted darker paint on the lighter ones. This painting was very carefully designed in this sense. The overall atmosphere of this painting is very halcyon, calm and restfulness.The reason why this chef-doeuvre looks serene is not only peaceful scenery but also subdued military personnel presence. As viewers can see, the painter tried to restrain to show the existence of human and he could be the focus on natural beauty. Besides, this painting was made for a friend of Huang Gongwang and took 3 years to complete all of his works. For this reason, Huang Gongwang would design this picture as if he would like to show t his peaceful scene to his friend. This is probably why not showy, austere mood could be felt on the painting.As viewers can see, there are lots of inscription on the painting. Huang inscribed Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains at its end. He stated that he sketched the entire composition in one sitting, then from judgment of conviction to time would add a little when he was in the mood. All told, it took him three years to purification the painting. All things considered, this inscription would be for his friend to let his friend know, how much he exerted himself to draw this masterpiece and how much he wanted to share of this beautiful scenery with his friend.The style of this painting is greatly realistic and overall visual effect is so austere. As painter didnt do to excess, he calmly expressed beautiful scenery without using fancy technique and exaggeration. Therefore, it wouldnt be looked as a pleasant and engaging work. However, wouldnt it be difficult for painter to draw a v ery dominion painting which will be remembered as a famous masterpiece?

Canadian Globalization Essay

Canadian scholar Marshall McLuhan once said that the demesne is becoming more than and more like a spherical village, each nation bankrupt of an increasingly interconnected society that stretches across national boundaries (6). Although he was talking about the role of new media in this change, he also was probably talking about the growing economic links that come with globularization. orbicularization is a form that offers both the opportunity for a better knowledge base and the risk of destroying topical anesthetic communities, regional cultures, and entire natural environments.Over the come through centimeury, globalization has become a major issue in politics, environmental studies, and economics, touching every corner of earth as corporations spread. solely globalization is a kind term that does not necessarily mean unmatched single thing. It usually describes the increasing interconnectedness of economies, authoritiesal institutions, and individuals as the resu lt of communication, transportation, and goods reard by transnational corporations. As Justin Ervin and Zachary Smith define it, globalisation can in a flash be seen as a process that shrinks the foundation as human interaction thickens (4).The effects of globalization argon neither good nor bad there argon costs and emoluments as with or so things in vitality. What is certain is that no nation on earth has not yet felt the effects of globalization. maven nation that has been particularly involved in and affected by globalization is Canada. Canada is a nation often overshadowed by its economically dominant southern neighbor, the unify States. As the world continues to globalize, Canadas role in this enlargement is becoming increasingly classic, and whether it will accept globalization entirely or continue to last is a major point of debate.Canada has both embraced and rejected globalization many of its corporations embrace it as a means of expanding, but many of Canadas pot fear the effects of globalization on topical anaesthetic culture, the economy, and the environment. For Canada, globalization has brought both economic successfulness and a series of cultural and environmental puzzles. In an mention to the Richard Ivey School of Business at the University of Western Ontario, Wayne G. Wouters, Clerk of the Privy council and Secretary to the Cabinet, there ar volt dimensions to globalization. First, global capital markets now ruly operate 24/7 and perturbations in one state of matter or sector may now be felt both near and far. globalisation has do business both quick in time and geographically broad. Second, there are now global supply chains where products are made and shipped all across the globe. What started out as outsourcing in the eighties became off-shoring in the 1990s, and now is called the global supply chain. Third, there is the globalization of information, an interconnected net conk out of media and communication. Fourth , globalization raises environmental concerns.Last, there is what Wouters calls the globalization of insecurity, the idea that the future is flat more uncertain in a world where everything is connected and nothing is stable for long. These dimensions highlight that globalization is seen in Canada as both a pull up for good and a problem. Throughout its history Canada has had strong ties to Europe and later to the United States. As part of the British Empire it was an important source of natural resources such as timber and ores. In new-fashioned decades, the Canadian oil industry has become increasingly important as well.Canada has the third largest oil reserves in the world after Saudi Arabia and Venezuela (Lewis and Moor). Other industries such as technology, chemicals, and manufacturing continue to make Canada a major player in the world economy. scarce what does the continued growth of Canadian industry and its contain involvement with globalization do to its regional cul tures? How is Canadian identity affected by the spread of products and ideas from multinational corporations? How can Canada embrace globalization without sacrificing its natural and national resources?All of these questions are important when we look at the role of Canada on the global stage. Most importantly, it must be rightly remembered that the effects of globalization on Canada are not entirely beneficial or entirely damaging, demonstrating that globalization is both an agent of supportive change and potential dangers. As a European colony founded mainly for trade, you susceptibility say that Canada has everlastingly been global. It has attracted people from all over the world . It was notwithstanding in the 1920s that the US finally replaced Britain as the leading provider of foreign enthronement in Canada (Azzi).As David Lewis and Karl Moor note, tariffs and high taxes kept Canada comparatively isolated as far as international trade goes until after World War II. In 19 47 the General savvy on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) opened up the Canadian economy by trim tariffs and taxes on imports and exports. According to Azzi and also to Ervin and Smith (19), this led directly to the growth of Canadas international armorial bearing as a major worldwide economy. Later actions such as the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the US in 1989 led to more economic success (Azzi).This contributed to the fact that in 2012 Canada had $481. 7 billion in exports, the el hithertoth most of any country, although most of these exports are bought by the United States. More recently, Canada prospered with the 1990s and early 2000s. Then, after a 12 year surplus, Canada struggled in 2008 when the world economy started to decline. But Canadian banks came out of the crisis pretty well. In fact, according to the CIA Factbook, Canadian banks emerged from the financial crises of 2008-09 among the strongest in the world. Canada also has one of the worlds largest economies, valued a t $1. 5 trillion dollars annually.A recent theme by Mark Carney, the Governor of the Bank of Canada, notes that globalization has been a generally positive tug for Canada. He says that hundreds of millions of people have already been lifted out of poverty, with the real potential for hundreds of millions more to share their destiny. Carney points to Canadas genuine participation in globalization as part of the nations second longest expansion, which he compares to the Roman Empire and the Industrial Revolution.Carney sees the trends toward better growth, such as the doubling of the Canadian labor force by 2050, as signs that Canada will prosper at home and abroad. Canada remains a powerhouse on the international stage. Stephen Azzi calls Canada one of the most globally integrated countries in the world. It belongs to 14 international organizations, second all to the US, which is a member of 15 (Azzi). This has led to prosperity and change magnitude influence on the world stag e. Globalization provides many benefits for Canada as a whole.For example, Canada enjoys the second highest standard of sprightliness in the G-8, and the eighth highest standard of living overall (CIA Factbook). Canadians enjoy access to products from around the world, travel frequently, and foreign trade has increased the overall prosperity of Canada. This is especially true for its businesses. Canadian corporations are becoming more and more international over the last three decades, as recent studies have shown. In one The Russell Reynolds Associates conducted a survey to see how Canadian companies were adapting to the new global economy.The results showed in the report, A World of Experience The Globalization of Canadian Corporate Leadership, suggests that Canadian companies are getting significantly more global at both the top and bottom of their levels. The Reynolds scan took CEOs from Canadas 100 largest corporations. It then measured how much international experience each of these executives had. According to the results the contribution of Canadian CEOs with international work experience rapidly increased between 1987 and 2007.What is even more elicit is that more and more Canadian CEOs are getting their international experience in countries other than the United States and Europe. This is a sure sign that Canadian companies are moving forward with a global persuasion in mind. They are led by executives who understand that the world is interconnected now by webs of global supply (Reynolds). From Russell Reynolds and Associates Study 1987-2007 The Reynolds Report suggested that the benefits of participating in global markets are many.Their study also shows the richness of world able to trade internationally, since Canada is actively trying to become more global economically. It is especially important for Canada to look to the United States, one of the worlds most globalized economies. There has been a good crapper of government action on both sides that have further globalized Canada. For example, the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement (FTA) was ratify in 1988, causing Canadas business scene to change. New markets opened up and more trade connections were expanded than ever before.Afterwards the passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the shaping of the World Trade Organization in 1995 (WTO) built Canadas role even further. According to Stephen Azzi, Canadas role in the WTO has made it an important part of other large international financial organizations such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank. One of the main questions about globalization in Canada is how it strengthens the countrys connection with the United States. As the United States became one of the forefronters of globalization, Canada was also close behind.The expansion of the Canadian and global economies and the growth of emerging markets in developing nations improved trade and lowered enthronisation barriers so that Canadian money could flow across the globe. Business was booming. Canadian firms began selling their products to other countries and creating global supply chains and contracts. Canadian companies also got access to lower-cost raw materials and cheaper labor.Even when foreign firms entered Canadas markets which increased the competition faced by domestic firms By 2007, Canadas foreign imports and exports equaled 62 percent of its GDP, compared with only 43 percent in 1987. When Canadian firms started selling their companies and products to globally recongnized and international countries, the competetion increased making others more dependent on Canada. The entire Canadian economy grew as a result. A recent CBS intelligence operation report at the Summit of the Americas, What is Globalization? (March 30, 2006) discussed the debate over what globalization means in diametrical places. Canada was an early supporter of trade and investment liberalization and remains so today. More than 40 per cent of the countrys economy depends directly on trade.The Canadian government thinks expanding trade and international investment is vital to the economy, but not everyone agrees. The definition of globalization from an anti-globalization group known as Anti-Marketing says globalization is the process of exploiting economically weak countries by connecting the economies of the world, forcing colony on (and ultimately subservience to) the western capitalist machine. However, the report did not say that globalization did not have its fair share of problems. It pointed to problems of higher unemployment, lowered health care and decreased safety standards.It also pointed to the lower environmental protection standards, less effective government as corporations have more power, and less protection for developing industries and countries. Globalization can also provide easier communications due to improved technologies. This allows Canadian corporations to set up manufacturing plants in newly industrializing economies like China, India or Latin America where costs of production are lower. Although this often lowers the prices of goods, this also causes local Canadians to lose their jobs, resulting in discontentment, resentment, and loss in confidence in the Canadian government.Labor groups also dislike this effect of globalization. ofttimes strikes and riots will be organized as the economy further suffers as companies continue to export jobs overseas. This problem is one that is both cordial and economic as local workers blame their economic problems on the outsourcing of labor. cosmopolitan communication also affects daily life in Canada. Canada is extremely well-connected to the rest of the world. According to Azzi, the mean(a) Canadian spends more than 500 minutes per year on international telephone calls. This communication goes beyond technology such as phones and internet.Canadians are also avid travelers. Canada has the fo rth most airports in the world (CIA Factbook). This increases the exchange of goods and ideas, making Canada a real hub. Of course, globalization has not met with universal acceptance. In his article Globalization is Killing Canada Fight for Your Freedom, Paul Hellyer, Canadas former Deputy Prime Minister, makes an argument against globalization. Hellyer sees globalization as part of the reason why Canadian values are disappearing and Canadian independence is being threatened.Hellyer even sees globalization as a threat to Canadas sovereignty, saying that Canadian values are disappearing rapidly as we lose our independence and our sovereignty. He believes Canada is losing control of its most important industries and losing its most exciting and challenging jobs as companies move their headquarters to other parts of the world. Hellyer claims Canada has become a dupe of globalization, a process that is good for two to five percent of the worlds richest and most efficacious people. It is bad for the vast majority.Global cooperation is essential for protecting oceans, ozone global warming but the relentless stick on the part of multinational corporations and international banks to take over governance of the world for their own benefit has to stop before its too late. Mr. Hellyer details the history of Canadian globalization and sees that foreign companies are increasingly more powerful within Canada. He specifically points to Nafta as a treaty that minded(p) US and Mexican investors greater rights in Canada than Canadian citizens enjoy.Hellyer sees this as very problematic, and his title gives out his sight on the matter. Even if he does think that it is killing Canada, Hellyer does not write off globalization entirely. In fact, he sees many positive things can come out of international cooperation. For example, he sees a request for countries to cooperate in order to restore the environment to its former glory. But Hellyer sees international corporations as more of a threat. He certainly fears the environmental effects of globalization, but he also seems to see that corporations might be the most appropriate substance to repair the environment.Stephen Azzi sees corresponding problems, noting that the two major problems with globalization for Canada are an increased reliance on foreign economies and a greater dependence on the US. Azzi states that early attempts to draw out global trade ended up strengthening American commerical interests but not other nations. It is seen as a problem by many Canadians, and many viewed multilateral trade agreements as a way of offsetting the influence of the US. This problem is hard to ignore. Three quarters of all Canadian exports go to the United States (CIA Factbook).The underground to globalization became most vocal in the 1960s and 70s. Nationalist movements in Canada saw globalization as a threat to national identity. There were protests by Canadians who were afraid that globalization might e rase their local cultures and destroy the environment. The government took some actions to promote Canadian identity. One was the Canadian government establishing content quotas for radio and television and benefits for Canadian publications (Azzi). This was to promote Canadian media instead of being overwhelmed by American and British television, film, and publications.But this had little overall effect. Even when Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau tried to promote the Foreign enthronization Review Agency in 1974 and the Third Option program to reduce economic and social dependence on the United States, there was little change. Canada stayed watching American programs and buying American products. More recently, Canadians have been involved in widespread opposition to globalization. At the 1999 World Trade Organization Summit in Seattle, many Canadians were involved in the protests.These protests turned violent, but led to international recognition that globalization had opponents eve n in a globalized country like Canada. At the 2001 Summit of the Americas in Quebec City there were similar protests. Canadian protesters felt that the country was falling into the hands of international corporations, particularly American ones. Instead of promoting regional cultures, these protesters felt that there was a global monoculture . . . increasingly destroying local traditions (Hellyer). That is the main threat to Canadian locals. Globalization in the past century has led to the increased exposure of Canada to the world.This has sometimes brought globalization into the news as a cause of social problems, especially immigration. Chain migration takes place in Canada, bringing large total of foreign migrants into the country. Although migrants can make a positive contribution to Canadas economy, they can, on the other hand, work against the Canadian society by increasing the social tension between Canadian locals and foreigner migrants. For example, in the city of Richmond in the Vancouver metropolitan area, there are large numbers of Asian migrants and social tension between groups.Migrants also complete with Canadians for the same jobs. But population movement is made even more intense by improved transportation. It is significantly easier in recent years for families to relocate and for goods to be shipped from various countries around the world. The major effect of this increased interconnectedness is that populations have become highly mobile. heap are not constrained to remain in a single place for their entire life but rather are now able to move about, often following multinational corporations for whom they work.